### Lesson Plan: Reading Fluency for 2nd Grade
**Lesson Title:** Improve Your Reading Fluency
**Grade:** 2nd Grade
**Subject:** Language Arts
**Duration:** 60 minutes
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#### Objectives:
1. **Students will be able to** read a passage aloud at an appropriate speed.
2. **Students will be able to** read with proper expression and intonation.
3. **Students will be able to** recognize and self-correct miscues during reading.
4. **Students will be able to** identify and understand high-frequency words in the passage.
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#### Materials:
- Copies of a short story or passage (appropriate for 2nd-grade reading level)
- Highlighters or colored pencils
- Whiteboard and markers
- Stopwatch or timer
- Fluency checklist
- Pencils
- Sticky notes
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#### Common Core Standards:
- CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.2.4: Read with sufficient accuracy and fluency to support comprehension.
- CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.2.4.B: Read on-level text orally with accuracy, appropriate rate, and expression on successive readings.
- CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.2.4.C: Use context to confirm or self-correct word recognition and understanding, rereading as necessary.
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#### Introduction (10 minutes):
1. **Hook:** Read a short and engaging passage aloud to the class with exaggerated expression and excitement.
- Example: “Once upon a time, in a magical forest…”
2. **Discussion:** Ask students why it’s important to read fluently (e.g., makes the story interesting, helps understand the story better).
3. **Objective Sharing:** Explain the objectives of today’s lesson in student-friendly language.
- "Today, we will practice reading smoothly and with expression. We'll also learn how to fix our own mistakes when we read!"
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#### Direct Instruction (15 minutes):
1. **Modeling:**
- Read a short passage aloud, demonstrating smooth phrasing and expressive reading.
- Read the passage a second time, showing how to correct yourself when you make a mistake.
2. **Highlight Key Points:**
- Speed: Read at a comfortable pace, not too fast, not too slow.
- Expression: Use different voices and change your tone to match the story.
- Accuracy: Pay attention to words and self-correct if something doesn’t sound right.
3. **Interactive Review:**
- Write a sentence on the board. Read it aloud in monotone and then with expression. Ask students which version they liked better and why.
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#### Guided Practice (20 minutes):
1. **Pair Reading:**
- Pair up students and give each pair a copy of the same short passage.
- First read the passage together as a class, then let each pair practice reading it to each other.
2. **Fluency Checklist:**
- Provide each student with a simple fluency checklist to use as they listen to their partner read.
- Example checklist items: “Reads smoothly,” “Uses expression,” “Corrects mistakes.”
3. **Circulate and Support:**
- Walk around the classroom, providing feedback and support where needed.
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#### Independent Practice (10 minutes):
1. **Silent Reading:**
- Give students a few minutes to read the passage silently to themselves to build familiarity.
2. **Timed Reading:**
- Have students read the passage aloud again, timing themselves or using a partner to time them. Encourage improvement over multiple readings.
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#### Closure (5 minutes):
1. **Reflection:**
- Ask students to reflect on what they learned today.
- “What did you notice about your reading? How did it change from the first time you read it to the last time?”
2. **Share Strategies:**
- Have a few students share strategies they used to improve their reading fluency.
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#### Assessment:
- **Informal Observations:** Observe students during pair reading and independent practice to assess their fluency.
- **Fluency Checklist:** Review the completed checklists from pair reading to gauge peer assessment.
- **Reflection Sharing:** Listen to students’ reflections to assess their understanding of fluency components.
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#### Homework:
- **Practice Passage:**
- Send a short passage home with students. Ask them to practice reading it aloud to a family member, aiming to improve each time they read.
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#### Differentiation:
- **For Struggling Readers:** Provide additional one-on-one support or lower the reading level of the passage.
- **For Advanced Readers:** Challenge them with a more complex passage or pair them with struggling readers to model fluent reading.
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#### Extensions:
- **Fluency Station:** Set up a fluency station with a variety of passages and a tape recorder. Students can practice and record their reading during center time.
- **Reader’s Theater:** Organize a Reader’s Theater activity where students can practice and perform a scripted story, focusing on fluency and expression.
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By the end of this lesson, students should have a better understanding and practical experience of what reading fluency entails, and they will have strategies to continue improving their fluency.